A Comprehensive Assessment of Lymphatic Filariasis in Sri Lanka Six Years after Cessation of Mass Drug Administration
Identifieur interne : 002E66 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002E65; suivant : 002E67A Comprehensive Assessment of Lymphatic Filariasis in Sri Lanka Six Years after Cessation of Mass Drug Administration
Auteurs : Ramakrishna U. Rao [États-Unis] ; Kumara C. Nagodavithana [Sri Lanka] ; Sandhya D. Samarasekera [Sri Lanka] ; Asha D. Wijegunawardana [Sri Lanka] ; Welmillage D. Y. Premakumara [Sri Lanka] ; Samudrika N. Perera [Sri Lanka] ; Sunil Settinayake [Sri Lanka] ; J. Phillip Miller [États-Unis] ; Gary J. Weil [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [ 1935-2727 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ADN des helminthes (isolement et purification), Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Albendazole (usage thérapeutique), Animaux, Anticorps antihelminthe (sang), Antigènes d'helminthe (sang), Antihelminthiques (administration et posologie), Culex (parasitologie), Diéthylcarbamazine (usage thérapeutique), Enfant, Femelle, Filaricides (usage thérapeutique), Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux), Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie), Humains, Jeune adulte, Microfilaria (immunologie), Microfilaria (isolement et purification), Mâle, Prévalence, Sri Lanka (épidémiologie), Vecteurs insectes (parasitologie), Éradication de maladie, Études longitudinales, Études transversales.
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Antihelminthiques.
- immunologie : Microfilaria.
- isolement et purification : ADN des helminthes, Microfilaria.
- parasitologie : Culex, Vecteurs insectes.
- sang : Anticorps antihelminthe, Antigènes d'helminthe.
- traitement médicamenteux : Filariose lymphatique.
- usage thérapeutique : Albendazole, Diéthylcarbamazine, Filaricides.
- épidémiologie : Filariose lymphatique, Sri Lanka.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Animaux, Enfant, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Prévalence, Éradication de maladie, Études longitudinales, Études transversales.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Albendazole (therapeutic use), Animals, Anthelmintics (administration & dosage), Antibodies, Helminth (blood), Antigens, Helminth (blood), Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Culex (parasitology), DNA, Helminth (isolation & purification), Diethylcarbamazine (therapeutic use), Disease Eradication, Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy), Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Female, Filaricides (therapeutic use), Humans, Insect Vectors (parasitology), Longitudinal Studies, Male, Microfilariae (immunology), Microfilariae (isolation & purification), Middle Aged, Prevalence, Sri Lanka (epidemiology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Anthelmintics.
- chemical , blood : Antibodies, Helminth, Antigens, Helminth.
- chemical , isolation & purification : DNA, Helminth.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Albendazole, Diethylcarbamazine, Filaricides.
- drug therapy : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial, Sri Lanka.
- immunology : Microfilariae.
- isolation & purification : Microfilariae.
- parasitology : Culex, Insect Vectors.
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disease Eradication, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Young Adult.
Abstract
The Sri Lankan Anti-Filariasis Campaign conducted 5 rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) with diethycarbamazine plus albendazole between 2002 and 2006. We now report results of a comprehensive surveillance program that assessed the lymphatic filariasis (LF) situation in Sri Lanka 6 years after cessation of MDA.
Transmission assessment surveys (TAS) were performed per WHO guidelines in primary school children in 11 evaluation units (EUs) in all 8 formerly endemic districts. All EUs easily satisfied WHO criteria for stopping MDA. Comprehensive surveillance was performed in 19 Public Health Inspector (PHI) areas (subdistrict health administrative units). The surveillance package included cross-sectional community surveys for microfilaremia (Mf) and circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA), school surveys for CFA and anti-filarial antibodies, and collection of
Comprehensive surveillance is feasible for some national filariasis elimination programs. Low-level persistence of LF was present in all study sites; several sites failed to meet provisional endpoint criteria for LF elimination, and follow-up testing will be needed in these areas. TAS was not sensitive for detecting low-level persistence of filariasis in Sri Lanka. We recommend use of antibody and MX testing as tools to complement TAS for post-MDA surveillance.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003281
PubMed: 25393404
PubMed Central: 4230885
Affiliations:
- Sri Lanka, États-Unis
- Missouri (État)
- Saint-Louis (Missouri)
- École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)
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Le document en format XML
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Wijegunawardana</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anti Filariasis Campaign, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Sri Lanka</country><wicri:regionArea>Anti Filariasis Campaign, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Colombo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Colombo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Premakumara, Welmillage D Y" sort="Premakumara, Welmillage D Y" uniqKey="Premakumara W" first="Welmillage D. Y." last="Premakumara">Welmillage D. Y. 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Perera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anti Filariasis Campaign, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Sri Lanka</country><wicri:regionArea>Anti Filariasis Campaign, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Colombo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Colombo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Settinayake, Sunil" sort="Settinayake, Sunil" uniqKey="Settinayake S" first="Sunil" last="Settinayake">Sunil Settinayake</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Anti Filariasis Campaign, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Sri Lanka</country><wicri:regionArea>Anti Filariasis Campaign, Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Colombo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Colombo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miller, J Phillip" sort="Miller, J Phillip" uniqKey="Miller J" first="J. Phillip" last="Miller">J. Phillip Miller</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weil, Gary J" sort="Weil, Gary J" uniqKey="Weil G" first="Gary J." last="Weil">Gary J. Weil</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Louis (Missouri)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">École de médecine (Université Washington de Saint-Louis)</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1935-2727</idno><idno type="eISSN">1935-2735</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Albendazole (therapeutic use)</term><term>Animals</term><term>Anthelmintics (administration & dosage)</term><term>Antibodies, Helminth (blood)</term><term>Antigens, Helminth (blood)</term><term>Child</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Culex (parasitology)</term><term>DNA, Helminth (isolation & purification)</term><term>Diethylcarbamazine (therapeutic use)</term><term>Disease Eradication</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Filaricides (therapeutic use)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Insect Vectors (parasitology)</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Male</term><term>Microfilariae (immunology)</term><term>Microfilariae (isolation & purification)</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Sri Lanka (epidemiology)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN des helminthes (isolement et purification)</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Albendazole (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Anticorps antihelminthe (sang)</term><term>Antigènes d'helminthe (sang)</term><term>Antihelminthiques (administration et posologie)</term><term>Culex (parasitologie)</term><term>Diéthylcarbamazine (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filaricides (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Microfilaria (immunologie)</term><term>Microfilaria (isolement et purification)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Sri Lanka (épidémiologie)</term><term>Vecteurs insectes (parasitologie)</term><term>Éradication de maladie</term><term>Études longitudinales</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Anthelmintics</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Helminth</term><term>Antigens, Helminth</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Helminth</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Albendazole</term><term>Diethylcarbamazine</term><term>Filaricides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antihelminthiques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>Sri Lanka</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Microfilaria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Microfilariae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Microfilariae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>ADN des helminthes</term><term>Microfilaria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Culex</term><term>Vecteurs insectes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Culex</term><term>Insect Vectors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antihelminthe</term><term>Antigènes d'helminthe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Albendazole</term><term>Diéthylcarbamazine</term><term>Filaricides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Sri Lanka</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Animals</term><term>Child</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Disease Eradication</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Éradication de maladie</term><term>Études longitudinales</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The Sri Lankan Anti-Filariasis Campaign conducted 5 rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) with diethycarbamazine plus albendazole between 2002 and 2006. We now report results of a comprehensive surveillance program that assessed the lymphatic filariasis (LF) situation in Sri Lanka 6 years after cessation of MDA.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology and Principal Findings</title><p>Transmission assessment surveys (TAS) were performed per WHO guidelines in primary school children in 11 evaluation units (EUs) in all 8 formerly endemic districts. All EUs easily satisfied WHO criteria for stopping MDA. Comprehensive surveillance was performed in 19 Public Health Inspector (PHI) areas (subdistrict health administrative units). The surveillance package included cross-sectional community surveys for microfilaremia (Mf) and circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA), school surveys for CFA and anti-filarial antibodies, and collection of <italic>Culex</italic> mosquitoes with gravid traps for detection of filarial DNA (molecular xenomonitoring, MX). Provisional target rates for interruption of LF transmission were community CFA <2%, antibody in school children <2%, and filarial DNA in mosquitoes <0.25%. Community Mf and CFA prevalence rates ranged from 0–0.9% and 0–3.4%, respectively. Infection rates were significantly higher in males and lower in people who denied prior treatment. Antibody rates in school children exceeded 2% in 10 study sites; the area that had the highest community and school CFA rates also had the highest school antibody rate (6.9%). Filarial DNA rates in mosquitoes exceeded 0.25% in 10 PHI areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Comprehensive surveillance is feasible for some national filariasis elimination programs. Low-level persistence of LF was present in all study sites; several sites failed to meet provisional endpoint criteria for LF elimination, and follow-up testing will be needed in these areas. TAS was not sensitive for detecting low-level persistence of filariasis in Sri Lanka. 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last="Rao">Ramakrishna U. Rao</name></region><name sortKey="Miller, J Phillip" sort="Miller, J Phillip" uniqKey="Miller J" first="J. Phillip" last="Miller">J. Phillip Miller</name><name sortKey="Weil, Gary J" sort="Weil, Gary J" uniqKey="Weil G" first="Gary J." last="Weil">Gary J. Weil</name></country><country name="Sri Lanka"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nagodavithana, Kumara C" sort="Nagodavithana, Kumara C" uniqKey="Nagodavithana K" first="Kumara C." last="Nagodavithana">Kumara C. Nagodavithana</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Perera, Samudrika N" sort="Perera, Samudrika N" uniqKey="Perera S" first="Samudrika N." last="Perera">Samudrika N. Perera</name><name sortKey="Premakumara, Welmillage D Y" sort="Premakumara, Welmillage D Y" uniqKey="Premakumara W" first="Welmillage D. Y." last="Premakumara">Welmillage D. Y. Premakumara</name><name sortKey="Samarasekera, Sandhya D" sort="Samarasekera, Sandhya D" uniqKey="Samarasekera S" first="Sandhya D." last="Samarasekera">Sandhya D. Samarasekera</name><name sortKey="Settinayake, Sunil" sort="Settinayake, Sunil" uniqKey="Settinayake S" first="Sunil" last="Settinayake">Sunil Settinayake</name><name sortKey="Wijegunawardana, Asha D" sort="Wijegunawardana, Asha D" uniqKey="Wijegunawardana A" first="Asha D." last="Wijegunawardana">Asha D. Wijegunawardana</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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